- Anxiety, OCD & more<\/a><\/li>
- Diagnostic Duration chart<\/a><\/li>
- Anxiety from a multi path perspective<\/a><\/li>
- Symptoms of Anxiety<\/a><\/li>
- Phobias<\/a>
- Etiology of phobias<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Panic Disorders<\/a><\/li>
- Symptoms of Panic Attacks<\/a>
- Treatment of PD<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD<\/a><\/li>
- Symptoms of GAD<\/a>
- Etiology<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder<\/a>
- Common themes:<\/a><\/li><\/ul>
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder<\/a><\/li>
- Trichotillomania Hair-Pulling Disorder<\/a><\/li>
- Excoriation (Skin-picking) Disorder<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Etiology of OCD & related disorders<\/a><\/li>
- Treatment of OCD & related disorders<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
- 7 Anxiety disorders:<\/strong>
- phobias<\/strong>
- agoraphobia<\/li>
- specifice phobias<\/li>
- social anxiety disorder<\/li><\/ol><\/li>
- panic disorder<\/li>
- generalized anxiety disorder<\/li>
- separation anxiety disorder<\/li>
- selective mutism<\/li><\/ol><\/li>
- Obsessive Compulsive:<\/strong>
- OCD<\/li><\/ul>
- Body Dysmorphic disorder<\/li>
- hair-pulling disorder<\/li>
- skin-picking disorder<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Diagnostic Duration chart<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\nPhobias<\/td> 6 months<\/td><\/tr> Panic Disorder<\/td> At least a month<\/td><\/tr> selective mutism<\/td> At least a month<\/td><\/tr> separation anxiety disorder<\/td> 1 month for kids, 6 for adults<\/td><\/tr> GAD<\/td> At least 6 months, most days for more than an hour.<\/td><\/tr> OCD<\/td> At least a month for more than an hour every day<\/td><\/tr> <\/td> <\/td><\/tr> <\/td> <\/td><\/tr> <\/td> <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n Anxiety from a multi path perspective<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Anxiety is an adaptive preparation for danger.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Anxiety disorder<\/strong>: Unfounded anxiety that interferes with functioning and produces distress and life-impairment.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Symptoms of Anxiety<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
- Affective or emotional symptoms<\/strong>:<\/em>
- <\/em>fear<\/li>
- watchful <\/li>
- dread<\/li>
- terror. <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Cognitive symptoms <\/strong><\/em>
- from worry to panic. <\/li>
- Harm may be anticipated, <\/li>
- danger may be exaggerated<\/li>
- severe forms can bring a conviction of impending doom (the end of the world or death). <\/li>
- Concentration problems<\/li>
- fears of losing control and dying<\/li>
- a sense of unreality<\/li>
- hyper vigilance <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Behavioural symptoms<\/strong><\/em>
- <\/em>avoidance behaviour, <\/li>
- freezing, <\/li>
- clinging, <\/li>
- dependent<\/li>
- agitated behaviour. <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Somatic symptoms<\/strong> <\/em>are changes in a person\u2019s physiological or biological reactions.
- increased heart rate and perspiration, <\/li>
- elevated blood pressure, <\/li>
- tense muscles, <\/li>
- goose bumps, <\/li>
- shallow breathing, <\/li>
- mouth dryness, <\/li>
- cold hands and feet, <\/li>
- diarrhoea, <\/li>
- frequent urination,<\/li>
- dilated pupils, <\/li>
- light-headedness, faintness <\/li>
- indigestion <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t
Biological causes of anxiety<\/h4>\n\t\t\t
<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n- The symptoms may because of medicines or other physical causes<\/strong>:
- asthma meds, caffeine, <\/li>
- hyperthyroidism, cardiac arrhythmias<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Overactive Fear circuitry<\/strong> in the brain
- Amygdala triggers the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis<\/li>
- And also the hippocampus & prefrontal cortex<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Genetics<\/strong>
- On their own they are not sufficient to explain phobias, panic disorder etc..<\/li>
- Some genetic variations correlate with less serotonin and also with higher anxiety amongst people with high childhood stress and low maternal support.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t
Psychological causes for anxiety<\/h4>\n\t\t\t
<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n- negative appraisal<\/strong> : interpreting ambiguous events as threatening<\/li>
- anxiety sensitivity<\/strong>: Interpreting physical arousal as a sign of danger<\/li>
- Feeling a lack of control<\/strong> over the situation<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSocial & Sociocultural Dimensions to anxiety<\/h4>\n\t\t\t
<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n- Unsafe<\/strong> environments eg poverty & high crime<\/li>
- Traumatic<\/strong> events<\/li>
- Gender (more women<\/strong> than men)<\/li>
- Some cultures<\/strong> eg North American white report more anxiety than others<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
- Traumatic<\/strong> events<\/li>
- anxiety sensitivity<\/strong>: Interpreting physical arousal as a sign of danger<\/li>
- negative appraisal<\/strong> : interpreting ambiguous events as threatening<\/li>
- The symptoms may because of medicines or other physical causes<\/strong>:
- <\/em>avoidance behaviour, <\/li>
- Behavioural symptoms<\/strong><\/em>
- <\/em>fear<\/li>
- Affective or emotional symptoms<\/strong>:<\/em>
- OCD<\/li><\/ul>
- phobias<\/strong>
- Trichotillomania Hair-Pulling Disorder<\/a><\/li>
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder<\/a><\/li>
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder<\/a>
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD<\/a><\/li>
- Panic Disorders<\/a><\/li>
- Diagnostic Duration chart<\/a><\/li>